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Forces and Motion



Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

Force pairs act in __________ and are __________ in size.
a.
the same direction, always equal
b.
opposite directions, unequal
c.
the same direction, unequal
d.
opposite directions,always equal
 

 2. 

Newton's first law of motion states that __________.
a.
when a force acts on an object, its acceleration is in the same direction as the force
b.
an object will remain at rest or keep moving unless a force acts on it
c.
when a force is applied on an object, there is an equal force applied by the object in the opposite direction
d.
acceleration is calculated by dividing the force exerted on an object by the mass of the object
 

 3. 

A ball is thrown straight up in the air. According to Newton's first law of motion, what is the reason for the ball falling back to Earth?
a.
It is accelerating in the same direction as Earth's gravitational force on it.
b.
The change in the ball's acceleration is proportional to the force acting on it.
c.
The ball exerts a force on the air surrounding it.
d.
A force has acted on it.
 

 4. 

Which of the following is NOT an acceleration?
a.
stopping your bike at an intersection
b.
slowing your bike ride so you can make it up a hill
c.
riding your bike straight down the street at a constant speed
d.
riding your bike faster when you head down a hill
 

 5. 

Which of the following statements is true?
a.
An object does not accelerate if it turns and maintains constant speed.
b.
If a moving object slows, it is accelerating.
c.
Velocity of a moving object is the distance traveled divided by the time needed to travel the distance.
d.
When speed increases gradually, average speed and instantaneous speed are the same.
 

 6. 

Amyx is building a treehouse in his backyard. He notices that every time he strikes a nail with the hammer, the hammer bounces back just a little bit as the nail goes farther into the wood. This is because when the hammer strikes and exerts a force on a nail, the nail
a.
creates a balanced force.
b.
is stuck and won't go any further into the wood.
c.
disperses the force of the impact throughout the wood.
d.
exerts an equal and opposite force back on the hammer.
 

 7. 

According to Newton's 1st law of motion, which object below will not change speed or direction of motion without something acting on it?
a.
a soccerball flying through the air
b.
a ball rolling across the grass
c.
the Moon in its orbit around the Earth
d.
a jar sitting on a shelf
 

 8. 

Which of the following is true about friction?
a.
Friction only occurs on Earth.
b.
Friction only occurs when objects are in contact with each other.
c.
Friction only occurs when objects are not in contact with each other
d.
Friction occurs when objects are in contact with each other or when objects are not in contact with each other.
 

 9. 

Bjorn is going to take a 10-pound bowling ball and roll it across four different surfaces to test the force of friction. Across which surface will the ball travel the farthest?
a.
a carpeted hallway
c.
a grass lawn
b.
an ice hockey rink
d.
a cement sidewalk
 

 10. 

Hannah just finished building a house of cards that stands four stories high. She is worried that it will fall down. Which of the following statements must be true?
a.
If no unbalanced force acts upon the house of cards, then it will remain standing forever.
b.
If Hannah adds another card to the house of cards, then it will fall down.
c.
A house of cards is too fragile and must fall down eventually due to gravity.
d.
As long as nobody touches the house of cards, it will remain standing.
 

 11. 

John accidentally left his books on top of his mom’s car before they left for school. The books stayed on top of his car while they were driving north on Oak Avenue. Then, when they made a sharp turn eastward onto Harris Lane, his books fell off the top of his car and onto the street.
a.
The Earth's magnetic field held the books on John's car while he headed north. When he turned east, the magnetic pull faded, causing the books to fall.
b.
The people that live on Harris Lane hate reading, which caused the books to fall.
c.
The force of gravity caused John's books to slide across the top of his car and fall.
d.
When John's car turned eastward, his books continued heading northward, causing them to slide off the top of his car and fall.
 

 12. 

Tom is teaching Jenny how to ice skate. Both skaters, who are about the same size, are on the ice and wearing their skates. To help Jenny get started, Tom gives her a gentle push from behind. Which of the following best describes what will happen next?
a.
Jenny will move forward and Tom will move backward.
b.
Jenny will move forward.
c.
Tom will move backward.
d.
Jenny will move backward and Tom will move forward.
 

 13. 

When two objects rub together, the force that opposes the motion of the objectsis called
a.
friction
c.
electricity
b.
gravity
d.
magnetism
 

 14. 

Newton’s __________ law of motin states that “An object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.”
a.
fourth
c.
third
b.
first
d.
second
 

 15. 

Newton’s _______ law of motin states that “Force is equal to the amount of mass of an object and the amount of acceleration the object has. 
a.
second
c.
fourth
b.
third
d.
first
 
 
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 16. 

Ashley made a paper airplane.  When she threw the airplane in the house, it always flew straight where she aimed.  Now she wants to throw the plane to her pet dog, Scruffy, who is in the backyard.  There is a steady wind blowing East. 

A diagram of Ashley’s backyard is shown above.  If she aims her throw directly at Scruffy, where is the paper airplane most likely to end up?
a.
at the grill
c.
at Scruffy
b.
at the tree
d.
in the pool
 

 17. 

In a football game, a defensive lineman exerts a force upon an offensive lineman, causing the offensive lineman to be accelerated backward at 2 m/s2. If the offensive lineman's mass were doubled, how much force would the defensive lineman have to apply to accelerate the offensive lineman 2 m/s2 backward?
a.
twice as much
c.
four times as much
b.
half as much
d.
the same amount
 

 18. 

Two teams are playing tug-of-war. Each team is pulling on the rope with a force of 500 newtons. A ribbon is tied to the middle of the rope to determine the winner. Which of the following would result in the greatest acceleration of the ribbon?
a.
A player on Team B who was pulling with a force of 150 newtons leaves the game.
b.
A player added to Team A pulls on the rope with a force of 130 newtons.
c.
A player added to Team A pulls with a force of 250 newtons and a player added to Team B pulls with a force of 250 newtons.
d.
A player added to Team B pulls on the rope with a force of 120 newtons.
 

 19. 

Friction is a force that can oppose the motion of two objects that are in contact with one another. Which of the following are examples of friction?

I.      A space probe orbits the Moon.
II.      A parachute softens the landing of a skydiver.
III.      A nail holds two wooden boards together.
IV.      The brakes on a bike rub against the wheel.
a.
II, III, and IV only
c.
II and III only
b.
I, II, III, and IV
d.
I and IV only
 

 20. 

The Earth exerts a pull on the Moon through its gravitational force. According to Newton's 3rd law of motion, the Moon must also be exerting a pull on the Earth. Which of these observations is evidence of the Moon's pull?
a.
Earthquakes originate at locations where Earth's crustal plates meet.
b.
Earth's high tides are highest closest to and farthest from the location of the Moon.
c.
From the Earth, the visible face of the Moon is always the same.
d.
The cycle of the phases of the Moon seen from Earth lasts about a month.
 

 21. 

Newton's first law of motion states that an object will keep a constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

To test this statement, Martin rolled a ball on a long, level street. The ball did not bump into any object, but it eventually came to a stop. How is this possible?
a.
Martin did not roll the ball hard enough, which caused the ball to eventually stop rolling.
b.
Every moving object must come to a stop because energy cannot be destroyed.
c.
The unbalanced force that caused the ball to stop was friction.
d.
Newton's first law of motion only holds true in space, not on Earth.
 

 22. 

If a car is traveling on the highway at a constant velocity, the force that pushes the car forward must be...
a.
greater than the force of friction exerted upon the car.
b.
equal to the force of friction exerted upon the car.
c.
less than the force of friction exerted upon the car.
d.
equal to the weight of the car.
 

 23. 

When starting to slide down a waterslide, why would a person push on the sides of the slide?
a.
Pushing on the slide does not do anything for the person.
b.
The person is using the slide to make himself move.
c.
The person wants the slide to move.
d.
The person is trying not to get wet.
 

 24. 

Friction allows us to
I. stop moving
II. change direction
III. start moving
IV. stand still
a.
I and II only
c.
II and IV only
b.
I, II, III, and IV
d.
I, II, and III
 

 25. 

When a gallon of milk on Earth is compared to the same gallon of milk in space, the milk on Earth has the same mass but a different __________.
a.
weight
c.
amount of matter
b.
inertia
d.
volume
 

 26. 

Mass is a measure of which of the following quantities?
a.
density
c.
volume
b.
inertia
d.
matter
 

 27. 

The Earth has a large mass and would require a _______ force to _________ its motion.
a.
smaller; maintain
c.
large; maintain
b.
smaller; change
d.
large; change
 

 28. 

Two bundles of science books are tossed off the school roof. There are two books in the first bundle and the other bundle contains 14 books. Both bundles are dropped from the roof at the same time.

Which of the following statements is true?
a.
Bundle two is seven times heavier than bundle one so it falls seven times faster than bundle one.
b.
Bundle two has seven times the force acting on seven times the mass so it falls as fast as bundle one.
c.
Bundle one is seven times lighter than bundle two so it falls seven times slower than bundle two.
d.
The force acting on bundle one and the force acting on bundle two are the same.
 

 29. 

Which of the following can best help to determine if one object's inertia (mass) is greater than another's if a balance is not used?
a.
Throw the objects at a target and see which one gets there first.
b.
Put the objects in separate hands and raise and lower your hands repeatedly.
c.
Place the objects in water and see which one raises the water level the highest.
d.
It would be impossible to determine which has a greater mass without a balance.
 

 30. 

Mary is driving on a straight road. Suddenly, a deer jumps out in front of her. Mary turns her car to the left to avoid the deer.

Which best describes what happens to Mary's head position if she is wearing her seatbelt?
a.
Mary’s head moves to the left.
b.
Mary’s head moves to the right.
c.
Mary’s head moves forwards.
d.
Mary’s head moves backwards.
 

 31. 

The force that prevents a ball rolling on the ground from continuing on its path forever is __________.
a.
inertia
c.
friction
b.
gravity
d.
mass
 

 32. 

An astronaut is standing on the deck of a spacecraft which is orbiting Earth. He throws a moon rock sample towards outer space (where there is no friction). How much force is needed to keep the rock moving?
a.
Double the original force
c.
One half the original force
b.
The same as the original force
d.
No force is needed
 

 33. 

Two identical plastic bottles are dropped at the same time from a high tower. One of the bottles is completely filled with water and the other is only half full of water.

Which of the following statements is true?
a.
The amount of water doesn't matter because there is no air resistence.
b.
The bottles have the same air resistence, but the filled bottle is heavier and will hit the ground first.
c.
The bottles experience different air resistences so the lighter bottle will hit before the filled bottle.
d.
The bottles will hit at the same time because they are accelerating due to gravity and they encounter the same air resistence.
 

 34. 

If all of the following vehicles are traveling at 30 miles per hour on a straight road, which vehicle would be the hardest to stop?
a.
a bicycle
c.
a tractor trailer
b.
a compact car
d.
a tractor trailer loaded with foam rubber
 

 35. 

Newton's first law of motion states that an object not being subjected to a force will continue to move in a straight line at a constant speed. This is referred to as the law of ___________.
a.
gravity
c.
constant acceleration
b.
action and reaction
d.
inertia
 

 36. 

Newton's first law states that an object must travel at a constant speed and in ___________, unless some outside force compels it to change.
a.
a straight line
c.
a cyclic motion
b.
a curved path
d.
a wave-like manner
 

 37. 

An object is not considered accelerating when
a.
it is not moving
c.
it is speeding  up
b.
it is slowing down
d.
it is turning
 

 38. 

Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are ____.
a.
balanced forces
c.
inertial forces
b.
frictional forces
d.
net forces
 

 39. 

If gravity did not affect the path of a horizontally thrown ball, the ball would ____.
a.
go straight up
c.
fall straight down
b.
travel horizontally
d.
follow a curved path
 

 40. 

Whenever a body is in motion, there is always ____ to oppose the motion.
a.
friction
c.
gravity
b.
inertia
d.
acceleration
 

 41. 

The relationship among force, mass, and acceleration is stated in ____.
a.
the law of conservation of momentum
c.
Newton's second law of motion
b.
Newton's first law of motion
d.
Newton's third law of motion
 

 42. 

A feather falls through the air more slowly than a brick because of ____.
a.
gravity
c.
inertia
b.
air resistance
d.
momentum
 

 43. 

The statement "for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction" is a statement of ____.
a.
the law of conservation of momentum
c.
Newton's second law
b.
Newton's first law
d.
Newton's third law
 

 44. 

Motion is change in ____.
a.
speed
c.
force
b.
velocity
d.
position
 

 45. 

____ is rate of change of position.
a.
Speed
c.
Acceleration
b.
Velocity
d.
Displacement
 

 46. 

When a car slows down at a traffic light, it is ____.
a.
accelerating
c.
decreasing its displacement
b.
traveling at constant velocity
d.
changing direction
 

 47. 

You hear that a storm is moving 15 km/h north. You have been given the storm's ____.
a.
constant speed
c.
velocity
b.
acceleration
d.
average speed
 

 48. 

When two birds are pulling on a worm and the worm moves toward the first bird, you know that the forces are ____.
a.
long-range
c.
unbalanced
b.
action-reaction
d.
balanced
 

 49. 

An unbalanced force acting on an object causes it to ____.
a.
move at constant speed
c.
not change its velocity
b.
continue in a straight line
d.
accelerate
 

 50. 

The force that opposes motion is ____.
a.
a balanced force
c.
an accelerating force
b.
an unbalanced force
d.
friction
 

 51. 

Every force has a(n) ____ force.
a.
reaction
c.
opposite
b.
long-range
d.
accelerating
 

 52. 

You throw a ball into the air. As the ball leaves your hand, the force(s) acting on it is/are ____.
a.
gravity
c.
balanced
b.
your hand
d.
gravity and your hand
 



 
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